Existentialism
Existentialism holds that humans create their own meanings in life, and
meanings are not given to us from outside sources such as gods or fairies.
This has lots of different interesting logical implications, and exploring
one or two of those implications can make for an interesting philosophy
paper. Existentialism is also a philosophical movement and as
such includes a number of different philosophers with different ideas
about what it means Thus it might be interesting to try to narrow down and
clarify the views of one particular existentialist philosopher,
or perhaps to think about what two or more "existentialist" philosophers
have in common. Finally, existentialism has been attacked by
people who want us to believe it's immoral, or logically wrong, or has
something else wrong with it, and it might make a good paper to defends.
Your assignment is to do just one of the following tasks:
Do not waste your time summarizing or paraphrasing the Wikipedia article, or some other internet source. Pick one thing to do and just do that thing.
My favorite source is Jean Paul Sartre Existentialism is a Humanism, Jean-Paul Sarte 1946
Existentialism is also widely misunderstood, which can make it difficult to study. A few years ago, the wikipedia article (existentialism) on the subject was terrible, and I told students not to read it. Nowadays, it seems to be more or less okay, but it's not particularly useful.
You can consult Wikipedia
for criticisms of existentialism http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existentialism#Criticisms_of_existentialism)
And try to answer the following questions
1. What does existentialism say exactly?
2. What are the arguments for existentialism?
3. What are the arguments against existentialism?
4. Is existentialism true? Why or why not?
It's okay if question 1 is as far as you can get for stage 1. (The hardest
part of this topic seems to be coming up with your own definition of
existentialism, so if most (or all) of your first paper is taken up with
simply giving, explaining and illustrating a single, clear and complete
definition of "existentialism," I will not complain.)
Or you can explore some of the specific themes of existentialism
Authenticity . . . . . authenticity . . . . .Absurdism . . . . . Facticity . . . . . Being and Nothingness . . . . . in-itself . . . . . angst . . . . quietism . . . . .. Other . . . . . phenomenology . . . . . intersubjectivity . . . . . Gaze . . . . . Angst . . . . . angst . . . . . anguish . . . . . Despair . . . . . Existential crisis . . . . . Either/Or . . . . . Works of Love . . . . . nothing . . . . . Positivism . . . . . Rationalism . . . . . positivism . . . . . rationalism . . . . . anxiety . . . . . dread . . . . . freedom . . . . . Atheistic existentialism . . . . . Christian existentialism . . . . . Jewish existentialism . . . . . subject . . . . . Existential nihilism . . . . . nihilism . . . . . Angst . . . . . leap of faith . . . .
Or perhaps some book or film with existential implications
. Neon Genesis Evangelion . . . . . Hideaki Anno . . . . . Jean-Paul Sartre . . . . . Soren Kierkegaard…死に至る病、そ して . . . . . The Sickness Unto Death . . . . . Monty Python . . . . . Monty Python's Flying Circus . . . . . Monty Python's The Meaning of Life . . . . . Fight Club . . . . . I ♥ Huckabees . . . . . Waking Life . . . . . The Matrix . . . . . Ordinary People . . . . . Life in a Day . . . . . The Seventh Seal . . . . . Ikiru . . . . . Taxi Driver . . . . . Harold and Maude . . . . . High Noon . . . . . Easy Rider . . . . . One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest . . . . . A Clockwork Orange . . . . . Groundhog Day . . . . . Apocalypse Now . . . . . Badlands . . . . . Blade Runner . . . . . Dark City . . . . . demiurges . . . . . Plato's cave . . . . . Ingmar Bergman . . . . . François Truffaut . . . . . Jean-Luc Godard . . . . .
http://www.philosopher.org.uk/existen.htm
http://www.allaboutphilosophy.org/existentialism.htm
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9108678/Existentialism
http://www.webster.edu/~corbetre/philosophy/existentialism/whatis.html
Existentialism
-
New World Encyclopedia
Existentialism
(Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
BBC - BBC Radio 4
Programmes - In Our Time, Existentialism (Audio file)
http://www.iep.utm.edu/s/sartre-ex.htm
Random Collection Of Wiki Pages Relevant To Existentialism
Existential
quantification . . . . . Existence (disambiguation) . . .
. . Essentialism
. . . . . Kierkegaard
. . . . . Dostoyevsky
. . . . . Nietzsche
. . . . . Sartre
. . . . . Soren
Kierkegaard . . . . . meaning . . . . . passionately and sincerely
("authentically") . . . . . World War II . . . . . Jean-Paul Sartre . . . . . Steven Crowell . . . . . understood . . . . . Johan
Sebastian Cammermeyer Welhaven . . . . . Rune Slagstad . . . . . Anne-Lise Seip . . . . . Cathrinus Bang . . . . . Existence precedes essence . . .
. . essence
. . . . . consciousness
. . . . . Heidegger . . . . . Kierkegaard . . . . . Existentialism
is a Humanism . . . . .Samuel Beckett . . . . . Franz Kafka . . . . . Fyodor Dostoyevsky . . . . . Eugene Ionesco . . . . .
Albert
Camus . . . . . The Myth of Sisyphus . . . . .determinism . . . . .Friedrich Nietzsche . . . . . moral . . . . . existential . . . . . Camus . . . . . Sartre . . . . . Being and Nothingness . . . . . Gabriel Marcel . . . . . Jean-Paul Sartre . . . . . L'existentialisme
est
un humanisme . . . . . Existentialism
is a Humanism . . . . . Jean-Paul Sartre . . . . . Simone de Beauvoir . . . . . Maurice Merleau-Ponty . . . . . Albert Camus . . . . . Socrates . . . . . Soren
Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche . . . . . Soren Kierkegaard . . . . . Friedrich Nietzsche . . . . . Soren Kierkegaard . . . . . Friedrich Nietzsche . . . . . Pascal . . . . . knight of faith . . . . . Übermensch . . . . . Freedom . . . . .postmodernism . . . . . psychology . . . . . religious . . . . . philosophers . . . . . psychologists . . . . . scientists . . . . . Fyodor Dostoyevsky . . . . . Fyodor Dostoyevsky . . . . . Notes from Underground . . . . . Jean-Paul
Sartre . . . . . Existentialism
is a Humanism . . . . . The Brothers Karamazov . . . . . existential
crisis . . . . . Crime and Punishment . . . . . Martin Heidegger . . . . . Miguel de Unamuno y
Jugo . . . . . Cervantes . . . . . Don Quixote . . . . . Saint Manuel the Good, Martyr . . .
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. . . . . The
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Tillich . . . . . Karl Barth . . . . . Christian theology . . . . . existential theology . . . . . Rudolf Bultmann . . . . . Maurice Merleau-Ponty . . . . . existential phenomenologist . . .
. . Husserl
. . . . . phenomenology . . . . . Colin Wilson . . . . . The Outsider . . . . . Jean Genet . . . . . Un chant d'amour . . .
. . Stanley
Kubrick . . . . . Paths of Glory . . . . .Michelangelo Antonioni . . . . . Akira
Kurosawa . . . . . Terrence Malick . . . . . Stanley Kubrick . . . . . Andrei Tarkovsky . . . . . Hideaki Anno . . . . . Wes Anderson . . . . . Woody Allen . . . . . Christopher Nolan . . . . . Charlie Kaufman . . . . . Synecdoche, New York . . . . . Red Beard . . . . . existential crisis . . . . . Mood Indigo (film) . . . . . Michel Gondry . . . . . Louis-Ferdinand Céline . . . . . Journey
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. . . . . Chuck
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human existence . . . . . Tom Stoppard . . . . . Rosencrantz
&
Guildenstern Are Dead . . . . . absurdist . . . . . tragicomedy . . . . . Edinburgh Festival Fringe . . . .
. Shakespeare's
. . . . . Hamlet
. . . . . Samuel
Beckett . . . . . Waiting For Godot . .
. . . Questions
. . . . . Jean
Anouilh . . . . . Antigone . . . .
. Martin
Esslin . . . . . Samuel Beckett . . . . . Eugène Ionesco . . . . . Jean Genet . . . . . Arthur Adamovs. Though . . . . . 'Pataphysics . . . . . Surrealism . . . . . Existential therapy . . . . . Otto Rank . . . . . Ludwig Binswanger . . . . . Freud . . . . . Edmund Husserl . . . . . Heidegger . . . . . Sartre . . . . . Viktor Frankl . . . . . Freud . . . . . Jung . . . . . logotherapy . . . . . social psychology . . . . . sociology . . . . . symbolic interactionism . . . . . post-structuralism
. . . . . Georg
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Ernest
Becker . . . . . Otto
Rank . . . . . Logical positivist .
. . . . Rudolf
Carnap . . . . . Alfred Ayer . . . . . predicate . . . . . Raymond Aron . . . . . rational humanists . .
. . . Herbert
Marcuse . . . . . Being and Nothingness . . . . . Jean-Paul Sartre . . . . . hypostatizes . . . . . Abandonment (existentialism) .
. . . . Absurdism
. . . . . Atheist
existentialism . . . . . Christian existentialism . . . . .
Disenchantment
. . . . . Existentiell
. . . . . List of existentialists . . . . . Meaning
(existential) . . . . . Phenomenology . . . . . Crowell, Steven . . . . . Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy . . . . . Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy . . . . . doi . . . . . JSTOR© . . . . . Robert Baldick . . . . . Prentice-Hall . . . . . Yalom,
Irvin D. . . . . . Routledge . . . . . Oscar Zarate . . . . . Rose, Eugene (Fr. Seraphim) . . . . . Solomon, Robert C. (ed.) . . . . . In Our Time . . . . . BBC . . . . . Stanford Encyclopedia of
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Wager . . . . . Proper basis . . . . . Reason . . . . . Teleological . . . . . Natural law . . . . . Watchmaker analogy . . . . . Transcendental
. . . . . 747 Gambit . . . . . Atheist's Wager . . . . . Evil . . . . . Free will . . . . . Hell . . . . . Inconsistent revelations
. . . . . Nonbelief . . . . . Noncognitivism . . . . . Occam's razor . . . . . Omnipotence . . . . . Poor design . . . . . Russell's teapot . . . . . Acosmism . . . . . Agnosticism . . . . . Animism . . . . . Antireligion . . . . . Atheism . . . . . Dharmism . . . . . Deism . . . . . Divine command theory . . . . . Dualism . . . . . Esotericism . . . . . Exclusivism . . . . . Christian . . . . . Agnostic . . . . . Atheist . . . . . Feminist theology . . . . . Fundamentalism . . . . . Gnosticism . . . . . Henotheism . . . . . Humanism . . . . . Religious . . . . . Secular . . . . . Christian . . . . . Inclusivism . . . . . Metatheories of
religion in the social sciences . . . . . Monism . . . . . Monotheism . . . . . Mysticism . . . . . Naturalism . . . . . Metaphysical . . . . . Religious . . . . . Humanistic . . . . . New Age . . . . . Nondualism . . . . . Nontheism . . . . . Pandeism . . . . . Panentheism . . . . . Pantheism . . . . . Perennialism . . . . . Polytheism . . . . . Process theology . . . . . Religious skepticism . . . . . Spiritualism . . . . . Shamanism . . . . . Taoic . . . . . Theism . . . . . Transcendentalism . . . . . more... . . . . . Religious
language . . . . . Eschatological verification . .
. . . Language-game
. . . . . Logical
positivism . . . . . Apophatic theology . . . . . Verificationism . . . . . Problem of evil . . . . . Augustinian theodicy . . . . . Best of all possible worlds . .
. . . Euthyphro
dilemma . . . . . Inconsistent triad . . . . . Irenaean theodicy . . . . . Natural evil . . . . . Theodicy . . . . . Albrecht Ritschl . . . . . Alvin Plantinga . . . . . Anselm of Canterbury . . . . . Antony Flew . . . . . Anthony Kenny . . . . . Augustine of Hippo . . . . . Averroes . . . . . Baron d'Holbach . . . . . Baruch Spinoza . . . . . Blaise Pascal . . . . . Bertrand Russell . . . . . Boethius . . . . . Charles Hartshorne . . . . . D.Z. Phillips . . . . . Daniel Dennett . . . . . David Hume . . . . . Desiderius Erasmus . . . . . Emil Brunner . . . . . Ernst Cassirer . . . . . Ernst Haeckel . . . . . Ernst Troeltsch . . . . . Friedrich Schleiermacher . . . . .
Friedrich
Nietzsche . . . . . Gaunilo of Marmoutiers . . . . . Georg
Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel . . . . . George Santayana . . . . . Harald Hoffding . . . . . Heraclitus . . . . . Immanuel Kant . . . . . J. L. Mackie . . . . . Jean-Luc Marion . . . . . Johann Gottfried Herder . . . . . Karl
Barth . . . . . Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
. . . . . Karl
Marx . . . . . Lev
Shestov . . . . . Loyal Rue . . . . . Ludwig Feuerbach . . . . . Maimonides . . . . . Martin Buber . . . . . Martin Lings . . . . . Mircea Eliade . . . . . Paul Tillich . . . . . Pavel Florensky . . . . . Peter Geach . . . . . Pico della Mirandola . . . . .
Reinhold
Niebuhr . . . . . René Descartes . . . . . René Guénon . . . . . Richard Swinburne . . . . . Rudolf Bultmann . . . . . Robert Merrihew Adams . . . . . Rudolf Otto . . . . . Soren Kierkegaard . . . . . Sergei Bulgakov . . . . . Thomas Aquinas . . . . . Thomas Chubb . . . . . Vladimir Solovyov . . . . .
Walter
Kaufmann . . . . . William Alston . . . . . William James . . . . . William Lane Craig . . . . . W.K. Clifford . . . . . William L. Rowe . . . . . William Whewell . . . . . William Wollaston . . . . . Criticism of religion . . . . . Ethics in religion . . . . . Exegesis . . . . . History of religions . . . . . Religion . . . . . Religious
language . . . . . Religious philosophy . . . . . Theology . . . . . Relationship between
religion and science . . . . . Political science of religion
. . . . . Faith
and rationality . . . . .
Copyright © 2013 by Martin C. Young
